Course Catalog

This course is designed to help students develop their skills  in grammar, vocabulary, composition, oral expression, research, reading, study and critical thinking. Students will become familiar with the elements of literature through the study of articles, short stories, drama, poetry, essays, and novels.

This course will focus on the integrated literacy skills of reading, writing, speaking and listening, and language through the continued practice of comprehending and evaluating appropriately complex texts - both literary and informational. Through a standards-based curriculum, students develop comprehension and analytical skills and will use the reading they do in class as a foundation for writing for a variety of audiences and purposes.

Students will focus on how different types of text are structured and organized depending on their audience and purposes, as well as evaluating how different literary techniques are used.

Class may be taken only upon administration approval.

This course is an accelerated language arts course emphasizing rigorous thinking and learning,, including advanced work in literature, composition, grammar, research and reading, Students will engage with a variety of texts, construct various texts of their own, focus on language development and style, investigate through research, and enter the conversation in a variety of topics through their speech and writing. 

NOTE: Students must satisfactorily complete a summer reading project prior to the beginning of the semester. The project is posted on the Summer Projects link under the Academics drop down on the CHS website.

This is a weighted grade course.

This course integrates a study of non-fiction and literature with composition, grammar and vocabulary development, research skills, literary analysis, communication processes and oral speaking skills. Other resources include a study of poetry, short stories, drama, and novels. 

This course will continue to utilize the integrated literacy skills of reading, writing, speaking and listening, and language to critically analyze a variety of fiction and nonfiction, as well as learn how to adapt the form and content of their writing and speaking to accomplish a particular task and purpose. There will be a focus on teaching students how the makeup of an audience should affect tone, how the choice of words affects meaning, and how to combine different elements—for example, using narrative strategies within argument and explanation within narrative—to produce complex and nuanced communications in writing.

Class may be taken only upon Administration approval.

This course integrates the modes of essay writing with the study of American non-fiction and literature. Course content combines the study of literary models of fiction and nonfiction, and the composition skills of exposition and argument. Composition emphasis is on research skills, development of language skills, and multi-paragraph essays.

This course will build on the integrated literacy skills from English II, and will focus on the analysis and synthesis of seminal U.S and world texts, both fiction and non-fiction, to determine how structure, organization and the presentation of a text helps organize ideas and details. Students continue to develop the skills of using inference and textual evidence in the comparison and analysis of multiple texts to evaluate and analyze both literary and cultural context, author point of view, use of rhetorical and literary devices, and purposes for writing.

Development of critical research practices, including development of student-driven questions, will drive student writing for multiple purposes and audiences through the use of quality argumentative, informational, and narrative writing elements.

Class may be taken only upon Administration approval.

This course involves college level reading and writing, focusing on the development and revision of evidence-based writing, rhetorical analysis of nonfiction texts. Students will evaluate, synthesize, and cite research to support their arguments and develop a personal style by making appropriate grammatical choices. Students are encouraged to take the AP Language and Composition exam in the Spring. This course is aligned to an introductory college-level rhetoric and writing curriculum. It is expected that AP English students have the ability to seek the larger meaning of texts studied in class.This course fulfills the junior English requirement.

NOTE: Students must satisfactorily complete summer reading projects prior to the beginning of the semester.  The project is posted on the English page of the CHS website.

This is a weighted grade course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

This course integrates writing for a variety of purposes and audiences. Writing includes a focus on “real world” skills, including functional, expository, communication, research and analysis modes. Students will also engage with a variety of fiction, non-fiction, poetry and drama selections. Focused writing and research for college and career readiness is an integral part of our school’s Portrait of a Graduate program.

**May be offered for dual credit.

This course will continue to develop students’ critical reading and writing skills for a variety of purposes that will serve them in both the work force and college-level application. Students continue to focus on evaluating and analyzing rhetorical strategy as it is used for a variety of tasks, purposes, and audiences in both literary and informational text and also continue to develop sophisticated research skills and application.

Class may be taken only upon Administration approval.

Advancement of ability to analyze and write academic, college-level essays with an emphasis on developing ideas and using a process of writing, revising, and editing to create organized, coherent, fully articulated essays that reflect the conventions of English grammar, mechanics, and usage. Recommended RDG100, ENG100 at the college level.

Emphasis on critical thinking, close reading, analysis, and advanced research skills through the development, writing, and revision of complex arguments. 

This course involves college-level reading and writing, focusing on reading, analyzing, and writing about imaginative literature-novels, plays, stories, poetry. Students will think and write analytically and critically as they learn how writers use language.  Students are encouraged to take the AP English Literature and Composition exam in the Spring. This course is aligned to an introductory college-level literary and writing curriculum. It is expected that AP English students have the ability to seek the larger meaning of texts. 

NOTE: Students must satisfactorily complete summer reading projects prior to the beginning of the semester.  The project is posted on the English page of the CHS website.

This is a weighted grade course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

This course is designed to provide students with an introduction to the world of acting.  Students will learn through a series of rehearsal experiences, play viewings and readings, as well as culminating projects that will develop their understanding of how to create the characters, relationships, objectives, and settings that all actors are responsible for.  Students will learn the basic skills of acting that will prepare them to continue in Acting 2.  

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

This course is designed to provide students with a chance to develop their professional acting skills by engaging in a series of performances in a variety of different theatrical styles.  Through engaging in lessons from musical theatre, character and voice development, Shakespeare and stage combat, and a culminating audition-style performance, students will prepare themselves for a career in the arts and entertainment industry.

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

This class is for students who want to put the skills and knowledge they have attained from the past two years of theatre to the test.  Students will prepare for college and career by progressing from collaborative work projects to individual artistic performances.  They will fill out their resume with a series of class-only performances that will define their high school accomplishments.  Students will be expected to attend AZ Thespian Festival and Eastern Arizona Festival of Thespians.

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

This course is designed for the beginning, intermediate, or advanced percussionist. Students will be introduced to, and continue to further develop, their performance proficiency on all percussion instruments. This class is to prepare students for involvement in performing groups (i.e. percussion ensemble, jazz ensemble, concert band, orchestra). This class will prepare students for a variety of public performances and festivals/competitions throughout the year.

May be repeated for credit ($30 class fee required)

This course is designed to give instrumentalists the opportunity to perform music from Jazz and Commercial styles of music. Students who wish to perform in Jazz Band must demonstrate proficiency on Saxophone, Trumpet, Trombone, Guitar, Piano, Bass, or Drums. This course has a strong focus on music business and entrepreneurship. Students will learn how to communicate effectively with venues, book events, and meet community needs. Students in Jazz Band are required to perform at one gig each semester and book one gig per year for the Jazz Band. Required performances include quarterly concerts, festivals, and gigs. These will occur outside of school hours. May be repeated for credit.

This course is designed for students who are interested in participating in a large ensemble which participates in local and regional marching festivals, competitions, and athletic functions.  This class will prepare students for involvement in a variety of field, athletic, and stage performances. It will do this through a study of music and dance as part of the competitive field show arena. Required public performances will occur in the fall and will include events on the weekend. May be repeated for credit.

This course is designed for the advanced wind or percussion instrument technique. There are many performance opportunities including quarterly concerts, festivals, and community events. Required performances will take place outside of school hours. 

NOTE: Required uniform (formal wear) is an additional cost. The course may be repeated for credit.

This course is designed for students who wish to receive more advanced training in wind or percussion instrument technique. There are many performance opportunities including quarterly concerts, festivals, and community events. Required performances will take place outside of school hours. May be repeated for credit.

Choir 1 provides opportunities for Easy-Intermediate vocal skills.  Emphasis is on developing foundational vocal skills, general musicianship, reading music and sight singing.  Required quarterly performances on campus; required AMEA regional audition or solo & ensemble festival

NOTE: Required uniform (polo shirt) is additional $20. 

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

Study of dance as a contemporary art form concerned with communicating ideas or feelings through movement. Review the basic fundamentals of dance technique: strength, flexibility, coordination and endurance; as well as basic fundamentals of guard technique: flag, rifle, sabre and marching. Movement exercise for the advancement of marching and/or dance technique and equipment manipulation. Cover units including the history and technique of ballet and jazz, as well as dance performance, choreography, and guard history and research. Maintain an updated portfolio of journals, performances, calendars, tests, performance critiques and Performance Based Assessments (P.B.A)

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

Dance 1 is the study of dance as a contemporary art form concerned with communicating ideas or feelings through movement. Units include an introduction to Jazz and Modern dance as well as dance performance, choreography, dance history and research. Students will learn the basic fundamentals of dance technique, strength, alignment, flexibility, and endurance. Weekly written assignments are designed to open class discussion on the current issues in dance, dance class, and dance education in the country and world. Students will maintain an updated portfolio of journals, performances, calendars, tests, performance critiques and Performance Based Assessments (P.B.A.)

NOTE: Required to perform in the dance concerts. Dance apparel is required and must be purchased prior to the first day of class. This COED course is open to anyone interested in learning the fundamental techniques and vocabulary of ballet, jazz and modern dance. Other dance styles including lyrical and musical theatre may be explored.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

Dance 2 is the study of dance as a contemporary art form concerned with communicating ideas or feelings through movement.  Units include the history and technique of ballet, jazz and modern dance, as well as dance performance, choreography and dance history and research.  Learn the basic fundamentals of dance technique, strength, alignment, flexibility, and endurance.  Complete weekly written assignments designed to open class discussion on the current issues in dance, dance class and dance education in the country and world. Maintain an updated portfolio of journals, performances, calendars, tests, performance critiques and Performance Based Assessments (P.B.A.). Dance 2 will prepare students to further their knowledge of the technique in ballet, jazz and modern dance and build the opportunity to build upon knowledge of choreography and to choreograph a piece to audition for a dance concert.

NOTE: Required to perform in dance concert. Dance apparel is required and must be purchased prior to the first day of class. Other dance styles including lyrical, hip hop and musical theatre may be explored. Dance combinations will be more challenging at this level.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

Dance 3 is the study of dance as a contemporary art form concerned with communicating ideas or feelings through movement.  Units include the history and technique of ballet, jazz, and modern dance; as well as dance performance, choreography, and dance history and research.  Learn advanced dance technique, strength, flexibility, coordination, endurance, performance and choreography.  Increase self-awareness, responsibility and confidence. Complete weekly written assignments designed to open class discussion on the current issues in dance, dance class and dance education in the country and world.  Maintain an updated portfolio of journals, performances, calendars, tests, performance critiques and Performance Based Assessments (P.B.A.).  Emphasis on integration of advanced level choreography, technique and performance skills in all styles of dance.  Development of individual style and performance quality 

NOTE: Required to perform in dance concert. Dance apparel is required and must be purchased prior to the first day of class. Choreography assignments will be auditioned for concert performance.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

Dance 4 is the study of dance as a contemporary art form concerned with communicating ideas or feelings through movement.  Units include the history and technique of ballet, jazz, and modern dance; as well as dance performance, choreography, and dance history and research.  

Learn advanced dance technique, strength, flexibility, coordination, endurance, performance and choreography. Increase self-awareness, responsibility and confidence.

Complete weekly written assignments designed to open class discussion on the current issues in dance, dance class and dance education in the country and world; Maintain an updated portfolio of journals, performances, calendars, tests, performance critiques and Performance Based Assessments (P.B.A.). Opportunity to travel to classes taught by Master teachers and choreographers

NOTE: Required to perform in a dance concert. Dance apparel is required and must be purchased prior to the first day of class. This is the Combs High School Dance Company class. Choreography assignments will be auditioned for concert performance.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

This course offers specialized students an opportunity to explore and express themselves through various styles of dance in a safe and supportive environment. The course is tailored to accommodate individual learning styles and physical abilities, with a focus on developing both fine and gross motor skills through movement. Students will engage in exercises that promote physical fitness, coordination, rhythm, and confidence, while also learning basic dance concepts such as timing, space, and body awareness. At the end of each semester, students will participate in a dance concert performance, showcasing their growth and achievements throughout the course.

NOTE: General education students have the opportunity to sign up to assist specialized students in the class. Experience with a dance or peer facilitator class recommended.

Guitar, Introduction to is designed for beginners and teaches basic, classical guitar techniques.  The course includes beginning music theory, reading and standard notation. Musical selections from beginning repertoire.

In-class performances; participation in selected music department concerts. Written assignments. Performance exams.

NOTE: Students must provide their own six-string acoustic guitar with a case. The school assumes no liability for guitars.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

Guitar Ensemble 1 emphasizes basic to intermediate classical guitar technique.  The course includes beginning to intermediate music theory, reading standard notation, selected major scales, and selected chords. Musical selections range from beginning to intermediate repertoire. Student participation is expected for In-class performances, selected music department concerts, solo/ensemble festivals, written assignments and performance exams.

NOTE: Students must provide their own six-string acoustic guitar with a case. The school assumes no liability for guitars

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

Orchestra 1 is designed for Foundational–Intermediate instrumental skills. Emphasis is on general musicianship, reading music. Easy–Intermediate repertoire.  Required quarterly performances on campus; required AMEA regional audition or solo & ensemble festival.

NOTE: Required uniform (polo shirt) is additional $20. Violin and viola students must provide their own appropriately-sized instrument and bow as well as required accessories. Cello and bass students will have the opportunity to request an instrument from the limited supply of school-owned cellos and basses. Students must provide their own accessories. All Freshman orchestra students must successfully complete this class to advance to Symphony Orchestra or Chamber Orchestra; motivated beginners are also welcome to join this class.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

Orchestra 2 is designed for Intermediate–Advance instrumental skills. Continued emphasis on general musicianship, reading music; increased emphasis on music theory and ear training. Intermediate–Advanced repertoire.  Required quarterly performances on campus; required AMEA regional audition or solo & ensemble festival; required AMEA/ChoDA music festivals; required performance in various community events, including the CHS graduation ceremony.

NOTE: Required uniform (polo shirt) is additional $20. Violin and viola students must provide their own appropriately-sized instrument and bow as well as required accessories. Cello and bass students will have the opportunity to request an instrument from the limited supply of school-owned cellos and basses. Students must provide their own accessories.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

Orchestra 3 is designed for Intermediate–Advanced instrumental skills.  Continued emphasis on general musicianship, reading music; increased emphasis on music theory and ear training. Advanced repertoire. Required quarterly performances on campus; required AMEA regional audition or solo & ensemble festival; required AMEA/ABODA music festivals; required performance in various community events, including the CHS graduation ceremony

NOTE: Required uniform (formal wear) is an additional cost. Violin and viola students must provide their own appropriately-sized instrument and bow as well as required accessories. Cello and bass students will have the opportunity to request an instrument from the limited supply of school-owned cellos and basses. Students must provide their own accessories.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

Orchestra 4 is designed for Advanced instrumental skills. Continued emphasis on general musicianship, reading music; increased emphasis on music theory and ear training. Advanced repertoire. Required quarterly performances on campus; required AMEA regional audition or solo & ensemble festival; required AMEA/ABODA music festivals; required performance in various community events, including the CHS graduation ceremony

NOTE: Required uniform (formal wear) is an additional cost. Violin and viola students must provide their own appropriately sized instrument and bow as well as required accessories. Cello and bass students will have the opportunity to request an instrument from the limited supply of school-owned cellos and basses. Students must provide their own accessories.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

Ceramics 1 is the elaboration of elements and principles of 3-D design; analysis, interpretation and evaluation of art.  Students will work with clay using basic to intermediate techniques in hand-building and use of the wheel; basic decorative techniques including glazes and ornamentation.  Instruction and execution of sage loading and firing kilns. Written assignments.

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

Ceramics 2 is the advanced composition and elements of 3-D design; analysis, interpretation and evaluation of art.  Students will work with clay using intermediate to advanced techniques in hand-building and use of the wheel; use a variety of intermediate decorative techniques including glazes and ornamentation.  Further instruction and execution of safely loading and firing kilns.  The course fee pays for one box (50 lbs) of clay per student. Students requiring additional clay may purchase supplies for an additional fee. Students are required to participate in one art show, community event, or competition per year.  Students are required to attend one gallery or museum show per year independent of class.

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

Ceramics 3 is an Advanced composition and elements of 3-D design; analysis, interpretation and evaluation of art. Students will work with clay using advanced techniques in hand-building and use of the wheel; use a variety of advanced design techniques including glazes and ornamentation. Students will also receive further instruction and execution of safely loading and firing kilns.

The course fee pays for one box (50 lbs) of clay per student. Students requiring additional clay may purchase supplies for an additional fee. Students will be required to work more independently, individually exploring content within a more "studio" environment.

NOTE: Meets university admissions requirements.

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

Drawing and Painting 1 emphasizes elements and principles of design, analysis, interpretation and evaluation of art; and art history. It includes the study of basic to intermediate drawing and painting techniques. Elaboration of projects in the following media: pencil, colored pencil, pen and ink, charcoal, acrylic paints, watercolor and mixed media. Written assignments.

NOTE: Required toolkit is an additional cost.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

Drawing and Painting 2 emphasizes the elements and principles of design, analysis, interpretation and evaluation of art; and art history.  It includes the study of intermediate to advanced drawing and painting techniques. Advanced projects in the following media:  pencil, colored pencil, pen & ink, charcoal, acrylic paints, pastels, watercolor and mixed media. Written assignments.

NOTE:  Required toolkit is an additional cost.  Students are required to participate in one art show, community event, or competition per year. Students are required to attend one gallery or museum show per year independent of class.

NOTE: The course may be repeated for credit.

AP studio Art Drawing offers highly skilled junior or senior art student guidelines and instructions in the production and presentation of a portfolio for occupational or higher educational placement. This course focuses on a variety of concepts and approaches, enabling students to demonstrate in-depth knowledge of the processes, a range of abilities, and versatility with media, technique, problem solving, and scope. Students will specialize in one of three portfolio options: 2-D, 3-D or Drawing/Painting.

Note: This is a weighted course, Students enrolled in this course are encouraged to take the AP exam in the Spring.

**May be offered for dual credit.

Students will develop mathematical thinking and problem-solving skills through a focus on variables, expressions, equations, inequalities, and functions. Key topics such as linear, absolute value, piecewise, quadratic, and exponential functions will be explored. Students will learn to represent these functions in multiple ways—using graphs, tables, and equations—and apply them to real-world problems.  Students learn to solve equations and systems, use function notation, and analyze both categorical and quantitative data.

Students will develop mathematical thinking and problem-solving skills through a focus on variables, expressions, equations, inequalities, and     functions. Key topics such as linear, quadratic, and exponential functions will be explored.  Students will learn to represent these functions in multiple ways—using graphs, tables, and equations—and apply them to real-world problems.  Students learn to solve equations and systems, use function notation, and reinforce prior knowledge.

Class may be taken only upon administration approval.

Mathematical practices and modeling are used to explore key concepts such as congruence, similarity, right triangles, trigonometry, circles, and other geometric properties. Students will develop their understanding through transformations, constructions, and proofs. Throughout the course, mathematical practices and real-world modeling are emphasized. Students will also use algebra to solve geometric problems and apply what they learn to real-world situations.

Mathematical practices and modeling are used to explore key concepts such as the study of congruence, similarity, right triangles, trigonometry, and geometric properties.  Students will develop their understanding through the lens of transformations and constructions.  Throughout the course, mathematical practices and real-world modeling are emphasized. Students will also apply what they learn to real-world situations and reinforce prior knowledge.

Class may be taken only upon administration approval.

In-depth and accelerated study of topics covered in Geometry. Exploration of indirect methods of proof.  Opportunities for creative expression and enrichment.  Use of computers in geometry applications.

NOTE: This is a weighted grade course.

Mathematical practices and modeling are used to study a variety of functions (linear, quadratic, exponential, logarithmic, radical, and rational) including their properties, graphs, and inverses.  Students will solve equations (and systems of equations) both graphically and algebraically (including solutions within the complex number system).  Students will model real-world contexts using functions, interpret multiple representations (graphs, tables, and equations), and analyze statistical data and distributions.

Mathematical practices and modeling are used to study a variety of functions (linear, quadratic, exponential, and radical) including their properties and graphs.  Students will explore inverse functions as well as rational and logarithmic functions.  Students will solve equations (and systems of equations) both graphically and algebraically (including solutions within the complex number system).  Students will also apply what they learn to real-world situations and reinforce prior knowledge.  Class may be taken only upon administration approval.

In-depth and accelerated study of topics covered in Algebra 2. Trigonometry functions and identities.  Higher level critical thinking skills required.

NOTE: Purchase of a graphing calculator is suggested, but not required. A specific model will be recommended by the teacher.

NOTE: This is a weighted grade course.

This course introduces students to application of large numbers in the context of real world applications.   Topics include:  an understanding of between accuracy and precision, absolute and relative error, and understanding units in contest. Constant rate of change, linear and exponential regressions and growth models.  Studies in statistics will include observational and experimental studies, correlation vs. causation and the bell curve.  

NOTE: This course fulfills the graduation requirement but is not intended to prepare students for a college placement exam in math.

Class may be taken only upon Administration approval.

This course will introduce valuable management skills.  Topics will include principles of savings, budgeting, debt, consumer awareness, education and career choices, taxes, investing, insurance, real estate, and mortgages.  Mathematical practices and modeling will be used to define quantities, interpret parameters, evaluate graphical models, and write and solve equations to represent the relationship between two quantities.

Class may be taken only upon administration approval.

Trigonometry/Algebra courses combine trigonometry and advanced algebra topics, and are usually intended for students who have attained Algebra I and Geometry objectives. Topics typically include trigonometric and circular functions, inverses, and graphs; trigonometric identities and equations; solutions of right and oblique triangles; complex numbers; numerical tables; field properties and theorems; set theory; operations with rational and irrational expressions; factoring of rational expressions; in-depth study of linear equations and inequalities; quadratic equations; solving systems of linear and quadratic equations; graphing of constant, linear, and quadratic equations; modeling linear, quadratic, exponential, and trigonometric data; and properties of higher-degree equations.

Pre-Calculus concepts. Exploring trigonometric functions both graphically and algebraically. Discrete mathematics.  Cartesian, polar and complex plane graphing

NOTE: Purchase of a graphing calculator is strongly recommended.

This is a weighted grade course.

In AP Precalculus, students explore everyday situations and phenomena using mathematical tools and lenses. Through regular practice, students build deep mastery of modeling and functions, and they examine scenarios through multiple representations. They will learn how to observe, explore, and build mathematical meaning from dynamic systems, an important practice for thriving in an ever-changing world.  Specific units of study will focus on polynomial and rational functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, trigonometric and polar functions, and functions involving parametrics, vectors, and matrices. Students are encouraged to take the AP Pre-Calculus exam in the Spring. 

NOTE: Purchase of a graphing calculator is recommended- Specific calculator models will be recommended by the teacher.

This is a weighted course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

AP Calculus AB is a full-year, college-level mathematics course designed to prepare students for the AP Calculus AB exam. The curriculum parallels a Calculus 1 class and focuses on the fundamental ideas of differential and integral calculus: limits, derivatives, integrals, and their applications. Students will explore these concepts from multiple perspectives—graphical, numerical, verbal, and symbolic—and will work on solving real-world problems using calculus.
Students are encouraged to take the AP Calculus AB exam in the spring.

NOTE: Purchase of a graphing calculator is suggested, but not required.  Specific calculator models will be recommended by the teacher.

This is a weighted course.

** May be offered for dual credit.

Students are introduced to the major concepts and tools for collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data. Students are exposed to four broad conceptual themes: 1. Exploring Data: Describing patterns and departures from patterns, 2. Sampling and Experimentation: Planning and conducting a study, 3. Anticipating Patterns: Exploring random phenomena using probability and simulation, and 4. Statistical Inference: Estimating population parameters and testing hypotheses.
Students are encouraged to take the AP Statistics exam in the Spring. 

NOTE: Purchase of a graphing calculator is recommended- Specific calculator models will be recommended by the teacher. 

This is a weighted course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

This course introduces students to the study of living systems and the processes that sustain life. Major topics include the structure and function of organisms, patterns of traits in populations, and the flow of matter and energy in ecosystems. Students will engage in hands-on investigations, modeling, and problem-solving. Students will develop inquiry skills, analyze real-world phenomena, and build connections across scientific ideas. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, evidence-based reasoning, and applying biology to everyday life.

This rigorous course builds on the study of living systems with deeper focus on organism structure and function, genetic traits, and matter and energy in ecosystems. Students engage in advanced labs, inquiry projects, and independent research, applying Science and Engineering Practices (SEPs) and Crosscutting Concepts (CCCs) to develop critical thinking and prepare for higher-level science courses.

This is a weighted grade course.

AP Biology is a college-level course that emphasizes conceptual understanding, inquiry-based learning, and scientific investigation. Students will study the four “big ideas” of biology: evolution, cellular processes (energy and communication), genetics and information transfer, and interactions within biological systems. Topics include biochemistry, cell structure and function, metabolism, molecular genetics, heredity, biotechnology, ecology, and evolution. Laboratory work focuses on designing experiments, collecting and analyzing data, and applying concepts to real-world biological questions. This rigorous course prepares students for the AP Biology Exam and for advanced study in the life sciences by developing critical thinking, problem-solving, and research skills.

NOTE: Students are encouraged to take the AP Biology exam in the Spring.

This is a weighted grade course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

This course introduces students to the fundamental principles of chemistry through both classroom instruction and hands-on laboratory investigations. Students will explore the nature of matter and its transformations by studying physical and chemical changes, the structure and organization of the periodic table, and the principles of chemical bonding. Major topics include chemical reactions, stoichiometry, gas laws, thermochemistry, acids and bases, and chemical equilibrium. Emphasis is placed on developing problem-solving skills, applying mathematical reasoning to scientific concepts, and conducting experiments that reinforce theoretical learning.

Honors Chemistry is a rigorous, fast-paced study of the principles of chemistry with a strong emphasis on mathematical reasoning and problem-solving. Students will investigate the properties and behavior of matter through both classroom instruction and laboratory experimentation. Core topics include physical and chemical changes, the periodic table, chemical bonding, chemical reactions, stoichiometry, gas laws, thermochemistry, acids and bases, and chemical equilibrium. Particular focus is placed on writing and balancing equations, applying mathematical concepts to chemical calculations, and quantitatively analyzing experimental data.

This is a weighted grade course.

AP Chemistry is a college-level course that builds on fundamental chemistry principles with an emphasis on advanced problem-solving, experimental design, and critical analysis. Students will explore atomic structure, bonding, kinetics, thermodynamics, equilibrium, acids and bases, electrochemistry, and applications of chemical reactions. Strong focus is placed on writing and balancing complex equations, applying mathematical models to chemical systems, and interpreting quantitative data from laboratory investigations. This rigorous course prepares students for the AP Chemistry Exam and for future study in science, medicine, or engineering by fostering independence, precision, and scientific reasoning.

NOTE: Students are encouraged to take the AP Chemistry exam in the Spring.

This is a weighted grade course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

Earth and Space Science is a second- or third-year laboratory science course that emphasizes hands-on projects to promote deeper learning. Students will investigate the major components of Earth and space systems, focusing on geology, meteorology, and astronomy. Key topics include geochemical cycles, energy in Earth systems, the evolution of Earth’s processes, and the development of the universe. Through laboratory work, collaborative projects, and inquiry-based exploration, students will build a strong understanding of the dynamic forces that shape Earth and its place in the cosmos.

Physics is a laboratory science course that explores the fundamental principles governing the physical world. Students will investigate motion, forces, momentum, wave phenomena, electricity and magnetism, optics, and an introduction to relativity. Emphasis is placed on applying mathematical reasoning, conducting experiments, and developing problem-solving skills to understand the interactions of matter and energy.

AP Physics 1 is a college-level, algebra-based physics course that emphasizes the foundational principles of motion and energy. Students will explore kinematics, dynamics, circular motion and gravitation, momentum, energy, simple harmonic motion, waves, sound, and basic electricity. Through inquiry-based labs, problem-solving, and mathematical modeling, students will develop critical thinking and analytical skills while applying physics concepts to real-world situations. This rigorous course prepares students for the AP Physics 1 Exam and provides a strong foundation for advanced study in physics, engineering, and related fields.

NOTE: Students are encouraged to take the AP Physics exam in the Spring.

This is a weighted grade course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

This course investigates the structure and function of the human body and mechanisms for maintaining homeostasis within the body.  The course is discussion and laboratory based.  Study will range from molecules, cells, body systems, and processes.  Dissection will be included in the coursework. Dissections include sheep brain, cow eye, sheep heart, and cat.  This class is designed for college preparation for those interested in the healthcare field.

The course traces the development of civilizations from early prehistoric people to the present and includes the teaching of physical geography including cartography, geomorphology, meteorology, cultural development, political and economic systems, social structures, human differences and commonalities and international relations.

This course will cover the history and geography of the world beginning with early civilization and continuing to the present. Students will be reading literary works and other primary source materials that relate to the course. In order to be successful in this course, students will need to possess strong writing and research skills. Students will work both individually and in groups to demonstrate critical thinking and problem solving.  Successful completion of Honors World History will prepare students to be successful in AP Human Geography in the 10th grade.

This is a weighted grade course.

This is an accelerated social studies course that examines world history from 8000 BCE to the present with the aim of helping students develop a greater understanding of the evolution of global processes and contracts and how different human societies have interacted. These courses highlight the nature of changes in an international context and explore their causes and continuity.

NOTE: Students are encouraged to take the AP World History exam in the Spring.

This is a weighted grade course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

Introduces students to cultural geography through an examination of world, national and local regions with a focus on cultures, population trends and issues, patterns of rural and urban land use, growth and development of cities, and economic development issues.

NOTE: Students are encouraged to take the AP Human Geography exam in the Spring.

This is a weighted grade course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

This course examines the history of the United States, examining time periods from discovery or colonialism through World War II or after.  The course typically includes a historical overview of political, military, scientific, and social developments.  The course content may include a history of the North American peoples before European settlemen

**May be offered for dual credit.

This course is designed to replicate a college-level introductory United States History Survey Course. It will focus on providing students with the analytical skills and factual knowledge necessary to address critical problems and materials in US History.  Students will learn to assess historical materials and to weigh the evidence and interpretations presented in historical scholarship.  This course examines the discovery and settlement of the New World through the recent past.

NOTE: Students are encouraged to take the AP US History exam in the Spring.

This is a weighted grade course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

The fundamentals of government on the national, state and local levels will be examined, including the three branches of government, rights and responsibilities of American citizenship, and the development and role of political parties.

This is an accelerated social studies course that provides students with an analytical perspective on government and politics in the United States, involving both the study of general concepts used to interpret US politics and the analysis of specific case studies.  Topics include the constitutional underpinnings of the US government, political beliefs and behaviors, political parties and interest groups and institutions and policy.

NOTE: Students are encouraged to take the AP United States Government & Politics Exam during the Spring.

This is a weighted grade course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

This course will prepare the student for decision-making within the American Marketing System. Course content includes financial literacy; personal finance; economic reasoning; economic systems; exchange and markets; the national economy; and the global economy. Students who complete the course should expect to be financially literate individuals who understand the inner workings of our complex global economic system.

This course will focus on the principles of economics that apply to the functions of our complex global economy.  This introductory college-level course places particular emphasis on the study of economic systems as a whole, with discussions on economic performance measures, the financial sector, stabilization policies, economic growth, and international economics. Students will use various sources to analyze economic concepts.

NOTE: Students are encouraged to take the AP Macroeconomics Exam during the Spring.

This is a weighted grade course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

Introduces students to the basic vocabulary of the language and components of Hispanic culture, history and geography. Prepares students to begin to read, write, speak and understand the language. Oral/written projects and reports.

Features application of language skills in reading, writing, grammar and conversation. Level I skills are reviewed and maintained. Students will be introduced to poetry and short stories written in Spanish.  Appropriate cultural components of Hispanic culture, history and geography are included. Oral/written projects and reports.

Spanish 3 students will demonstrate language skills in reading, writing, grammar and conversation. Appropriate readings are drawn from a variety of literature, poetry and short stories.  Appropriate cultural components of Hispanic culture, history and geography are included. Oral/written projects and reports.

This is a weighted course.

Expanded language skills are developed, with emphasis on conversation, discussion, and production of compositions. Appropriate readings are drawn from a variety of literary sources. Appropriate cultural components are studied including history, geography, fine arts and current events. NOTE:  Students are encouraged to take the AP Spanish Language exam in the Spring.

This is a weighted course. 

**May be offered for dual credit. 

AP Spanish Literature and Culture:  Reviews and adds material learned in Spanish 1, 2, 3 and AP Spanish Language and Culture.  This course: is taught almost entirely in Spanish and explores Spanish Literature through historic time periods. Students will read, synthesize and analyze an assorted selection designated in the approved AP reading list.  AP teaching strategies are used to familiarize students with the AP testing format. 

Note: Students are encouraged to take the AP Spanish Literature Exam during the Spring.

This is a weighted course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

Introduces students to the basic vocabulary of the language and components of German culture, history and geography. Prepares students to begin to read, write, speak and understand the language.  Oral/written projects and reports.

Features application of language skills in reading, writing, grammar and conversation. Level I skills are reviewed and maintained. Students will be introduced to short stories written in German.  Appropriate cultural components of German culture, history and geography are included. Oral/written projects and reports.

Honors German 3 is an accelerated World Language course.  Students will demonstrate advanced language skills in reading, writing, grammar and conversation. Appropriate readings are drawn from German literature and media.  Appropriate cultural components of German culture, history and geography are included. Oral/written projects and reports. 

This is a weighted course.

This course will introduce students to beginning level speaking, writing, listening and conversation. Language, culture, history and geography will increase global understanding in the 21st century.

Features application of language skills in reading, writing, grammar and conversation. Level I skills are reviewed and maintained. Appropriate cultural components of French culture, history and geography are included. Oral/written projects and reports.

Honors French 3 students will demonstrate language skills in reading, writing, grammar and conversation. Appropriate readings are drawn from a variety of literature, poetry and short stories.  Appropriate cultural components of French culture, history and geography are included. Oral/written projects and reports. 

This is a weighted course.

Includes a wide variety of individual, dual, team and lifetime sports/activities all designed to promote and increase a Fitness for Life Curriculum. Instruction in concepts of physical fitness/activity including skill-related fitness components.  Activities will include:  sports, fitness and physical skills.  Written unit tests and quarter/semester exams

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

The Unified Physical Education course is structured around grade level physical education standards and provides the opportunity for students with and without disabilities to come together through ongoing educational and physical activities. The students will focus on the following elements;Team sports, Fitness development, Cardiovascular endurance training, Flexibility/ Mobility, Team building. Additionally, the course supports the development of leadership skills for all students as well as the empowerment of all students to foster an inclusive class and school-wide environment.

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

The CHS Sports PE course is designed to help develop a well-rounded athlete, focusing on fundamental components of fitness that are transferable between all forms of athletics.  In this course we will focus on the following components of fitness:

• Maximal Strength
• Speed Development
• Explosiveness/ Power
• Agility
• Flexibility/ Mobility
• We will also provide a focus on Nutrition, Character Development and the importance of Academics

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

The CHS Sports PE course is designed to help develop a well-rounded athlete, focusing on fundamental components of fitness that are transferable between all forms of athletics.  In this course we will focus on the following components of fitness:

• Cardiovascular Endurance
• Jump Patterns
• Body control/coordination
• Agility
• Flexibility/ Mobility
• We will also provide a focus on Nutrition, Character Development and the importance of Academics

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

Weight training and conditioning for the student or athlete desiring an intensified and structured weight training program with emphasis on body building, strength development, power lifting and physical fitness training.  Classroom instruction includes: lifting form, health and nutrition, muscular anatomy.  Written unit tests and semester exams.

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

Requires excellent attendance and attitude. Teacher Assistants performing clerical, non-confidential tasks for teaching or administrative staff.  In some cases, they provide tutorial assistance to students

NOTE: Only two semesters of Teacher Assistant credit can be applied toward graduation requirements.
Please note that TA’s can be moved to other teachers throughout the school year based on the site's needs.

Student Council is designed to develop leadership skills while assisting council members with skill development and shared responsibilities. Members will also work on independent projects to help enhance the school community.

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit.

This program is designed to help eligible students explore a career or job interest in a hands-on manner. Through employment or a career experience, students are provided with the opportunity to make a more informed decision about their future plans. Utilizes supervision by both a member of the Combs High School staff and a community sponsor/employer. Students must work a minimum of 60 hours per semester. Grades updated biweekly.

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit

NOTE: Only 1 Work study per school year is allowed.

Naval Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) course emphasizes leadership development as well as maritime heritage sea power and naval operations and customs Courses include but are not limited to an introduction to the Naval Junior ROTC program, U.S. Navy mission and organization, maritime geography, naval history, basic seamanship, oceanography, and health education

NOTE: This course is offered off campus at Apache Junction High School (AJHS). Students will be bused to AJHS. Please see counselors for additional details.

Students will work individually or with small groups of special education students in a variety of settings.  This class will be limited; therefore, selection will be based on attendance, acceptance of others with disabilities, and being a positive role model.  This is an excellent course for students who may be considering a career in education.

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit

Students will be able to apply 21st century journalism education to the production of the Combs High School yearbook. Each member of the EPOCH staff will be responsible for ALL aspects of the yearbook; course emphasis involves the following: law and ethics, news literacy, news gathering, writing, editing, design, photojournalism, entrepreneurship, and leadership. Each student is a vital piece to the yearbook process and the class as a management team. Students will have the opportunity to develop personal strength in communication, collaboration, creativity, and critical thinking. Assigned pages are spreads for the yearbook and an overall evaluation of learned skills throughout the school year. Each spread includes: news gathering/literacy and law and ethics (interviews and research), writing (headlines, stories, lead-ins, captions, and quotes), photojournalism (aesthetically appealing and usable photos), design (consistency, alignment, and aesthetically appealing), editing (grammar, spelling, etc.), multimedia broadcast/web/entrepreneurship (content creation/digital marketing) and leadership (meeting deadlines).

NOTE: Course may be repeated for credit

The purpose of Psychology I is to develop a curiosity about and appreciation of the extent to which scientific methods can be applied toward understanding human behavior. The course includes a basic introduction to what psychology is, how it can unlock human potential, physiological psychology, sensation and perception,  learning, memory and intelligence, personality theories, mental and behavioral disorders. Encounter in an introductory college course in psychology.

Offers materials essential to understanding ourselves and the complexities of today’s society. Includes understanding basic social and human interaction, American and other cultures, socialization, social forces which predict human behavior, dating and mate selection in American society, the family, examination of religion, race, ethnicity, gender, economics and education as components of societal interaction.

An overview of the nature of criminality including the legal and social remediation of criminal behavior. The emphasis will reflect the roles of the citizenry relative to crime in a democratic society.

The purpose of the Advanced Placement Psychology course is to introduce students to the systematic and scientific study of the behavior and mental processes of humans and other animals. Students are exposed to the psychological facts, principles, and phenomena associated with each of the major subfields within psychology. They also learn about the methods psychologists use in their scientific research and practice. Students should be prepared to complete work equivalent to what they would encounter in an introductory college course in psychology.

NOTE: Students are encouraged to take the AP Psychology exam in the Spring.

This is a weighted course.

**May be offered for dual credit.

This course will provide students with specialized labs that will utilize the research-based curriculum to support identified needs of students, in addition to providing structured reteaching of the curriculum. Additional topics covered include organization, time management, test-taking strategies, effective study technique, note-taking, self-advocacy, and problem-solving. Class may be taken only upon administration approval.

Introductory course in workplace safety training, including an overview of critical safety policies, procedures, and practices that help prevent injuries and keep the workplace safe and productive.This course also entails  the practice of modern maintenance operations. Includes: safely and correctly using maintenance tools (e.g., hand tools, power tools), measuring instrumentations (e.g., tape, caliper, micrometer) and reading various engineering documents (e.g., blueprints, flowcharts, parts diagrams). Use and convert units in SI and imperial. Basic discussion of industrial safety procedures, machine operations, troubleshooting, failure analysis, modern maintenance principles, rigging, workplace organization, and records keeping.

Successful completion of this course meets CAC's course requirements for AIT100 and AIT105 college credit.

Introductory course in how to transmit, measure, calculate, and work safely with rotational mechanical equipment. Hands-on assembly, alignment, maintenance, and troubleshooting of mechanical power transmission systems and components e.g., belts, bearings, chains, dynamometers, gears, pulleys, couplings, bushings, and sprockets. Introduction to lubricant and grease types, their standards, safety, and application.

Successful completion of this course meets CAC's course requirements for AIT110 college credit.